AWS

This guide covers setting up TBMQ in cluster mode on AWS EKS.

Install kubectl, eksctl, and awscli.

Then configure your AWS credentials and default region. To get Access and Secret keys, follow this guide. The default region should be the ID of the region where you’d like to deploy the cluster:

aws configure

git clone -b release-2.3.0 https://github.com/thingsboard/tbmq.git
cd tbmq/k8s/aws

In the cluster.yml file you will find a sample cluster configuration. You can adjust the following fields according to your requirements:

• region — the AWS region where the cluster will be created. Default: us-east-1.
• availabilityZones — the availability zones within the chosen region. Default: [us-east-1a, us-east-1b, us-east-1c].
• managedNodeGroups — defines the node groups used by the cluster. By default, there are two groups: one for TBMQ core services and another for TBMQ Integration Executors. If preferred, you may co-locate both workloads in the same node group.
• instanceType — the EC2 instance type for TBMQ and TBMQ IE nodes. Default: m7a.large.

Note: If you don’t change instanceType and desiredCapacity, the EKS will deploy 4 nodes of type m7a.large.

Create the AWS cluster:

eksctl create cluster -f cluster.yml

Once the cluster is ready, create an AWS load-balancer controller by following this guide. The cluster provisioning scripts will create two load balancers:

• tbmq-http-loadbalancer — AWS ALB for the web UI and REST API.
• tbmq-mqtt-loadbalancer — AWS NLB for MQTT communication.

Provisioning the AWS load-balancer controller is a required step for these load balancers to work properly.

Provision a PostgreSQL database on Amazon RDS. One recommended way is to follow the official AWS RDS setup guide.

Recommendations:

• PostgreSQL version: Use 17.x.
• Template: Use Production for real workloads — it enables important resilience settings by default.
• Availability: Enable Multi-AZ deployment for automatic failover.
• Credentials: Change the default username and set a secure password. Store it safely.
• Instance: Use a general-purpose Graviton instance (e.g., db.m7g.large) — right-size first, optimize later.
• Scaling: Scale vertically (instance class/size) if sustained CPU exceeds 80% or active connections near limits; change type during a maintenance window.
• Storage: Choose gp3 or io1 for production.
• Connectivity: Create the database in the same VPC and subnets as your TBMQ cluster and assign the eksctl-tbmq-cluster-ClusterSharedNodeSecurityGroup-* security group.
• Parameter group: Create a custom parameter group for easier future adjustments.
• Monitoring: Enable enhanced monitoring and CloudWatch alarms for key metrics.

AWS RDS Connectivity - choose VPC with the name of your cluster AWS RDS SG - choose "eksctl-tbmq-cluster-ClusterSharedNodeSecurityGroup-*" security group AWS RDS Additional config - type "thingsboard_mqtt_broker" for the initial database name

Provision an Amazon MSK cluster. Open the AWS Console → MSK → Create cluster → Custom create mode.

Recommendations:

• Cluster type: Select Provisioned for full control over capacity and configuration.
• Kafka version: Use Apache Kafka 4.0.x — fully validated with TBMQ.
• Metadata mode: Choose KRaft for simplified operations and improved resiliency.
• Instance type: Start with m7g.large brokers; scale up later if needed.
• Cluster configuration: Create a custom configuration for easier future parameter changes.
• Networking: Deploy in the same VPC as your TBMQ cluster using private subnets. Attach the eksctl-tbmq-cluster-ClusterSharedNodeSecurityGroup-* security group.
• Security: Allow Unauthenticated access and Plaintext communication.
• Monitoring: Use default monitoring or enable enhanced topic-level monitoring.

AWS MSK - choose TBMQ cluster's VPC AWS MSK - choose "eksctl-tbmq-cluster-ClusterSharedNodeSecurityGroup-*" security group AWS MSK - enable Plaintext communication between clients and brokers

Carefully review the full cluster configuration, then proceed with cluster creation.

TBMQ relies on Valkey to store messages for DEVICE persistent clients and to reduce database load during authentication. Without caching, every new connection triggers a database query to validate MQTT client credentials, which can overload the database under high connection rates.

Open the AWS Console → ElastiCache → Valkey caches → Create cache.

Recommendations:

• Engine: Select Valkey.
• Deployment: Choose Design your own cache → Cluster cache.
• Cluster mode: Set to Enabled if you configure TBMQ with REDIS_CONNECTION_TYPE=cluster (used in this guide). Set to Disabled if you configure TBMQ with REDIS_CONNECTION_TYPE=standalone.
• Engine version: Use 8.x.
• Node type: Start with cache.r7g.large; at least 1 GB RAM for dev/test.
• Shards: For production, configure 3 shards with 1 replica per shard.
• Parameter groups: Use the default Valkey 8.x group or create a custom parameter group for easier tuning later.
• Networking: Deploy in the same VPC as TBMQ, using private subnets. Assign the eksctl-tbmq-cluster-ClusterSharedNodeSecurityGroup-* security group.
• Security: Disable encryption at rest and in transit if you plan to use plaintext/unauthenticated connections. Enable them if stricter security is required.
• Backups: Enable automatic backups with a 1–7 day retention period.

AWS ElastiCache - create Valkey cluster AWS ElastiCache - choose 8.x engine version and appropriate Node type AWS ElastiCache - choose TBMQ VPC and private subnets AWS ElastiCache - choose "eksctl-tbmq-cluster-ClusterSharedNodeSecurityGroup-*" security group

Once the RDS instance becomes Available, copy its Endpoint from the AWS Console. Update SPRING_DATASOURCE_URL in tbmq-db-configmap.yml by replacing RDS_URL_HERE with the endpoint.

Also set:

• SPRING_DATASOURCE_USERNAME → your PostgreSQL username
• SPRING_DATASOURCE_PASSWORD → your PostgreSQL password

Once the MSK cluster becomes Active, retrieve the bootstrap brokers:

aws kafka get-bootstrap-brokers --region us-east-1 --cluster-arn $CLUSTER_ARN

Where $CLUSTER_ARN is the Amazon Resource Name of your MSK cluster:

Copy the value from BootstrapBrokerString and set it as TB_KAFKA_SERVERS in tbmq.yml and tbmq-ie.yml. Alternatively, click View client information in the MSK Console and copy the plaintext bootstrap servers.

Once the Valkey cluster becomes Available, open Cluster details and copy the connection endpoint:

• Standalone mode: copy the Primary endpoint (without the :6379 port suffix).
• Cluster mode: copy the Cluster configuration endpoint.

Edit tbmq-cache-configmap.yml:

For standalone mode:

REDIS_CONNECTION_TYPE: "standalone"
REDIS_HOST: "YOUR_VALKEY_ENDPOINT_URL_WITHOUT_PORT"
#REDIS_PASSWORD: "YOUR_REDIS_PASSWORD"

For cluster mode:

REDIS_CONNECTION_TYPE: "cluster"
REDIS_NODES: "YOUR_VALKEY_CLUSTER_ENDPOINT_URL"
#REDIS_PASSWORD: "YOUR_REDIS_PASSWORD"
# Recommended for Kubernetes to handle dynamic IP changes and failover:
#REDIS_LETTUCE_CLUSTER_TOPOLOGY_REFRESH_ENABLED: "true"
#REDIS_JEDIS_CLUSTER_TOPOLOGY_REFRESH_ENABLED: "true"

Run the installation script:

./k8s-install-tbmq.sh

After completion, you should see:

INFO  o.t.m.b.i.ThingsboardMqttBrokerInstallService - Installation finished successfully!

The gp3 EBS volume type is the recommended default for Amazon EKS, offering better performance and cost efficiency compared to gp2.

Before proceeding, install the AWS EBS CSI Driver on your cluster.

Download and apply the gp3 StorageClass manifest:

curl -o gp3-def-sc.yml https://raw.githubusercontent.com/thingsboard/tbmq/release-2.3.0/k8s/helm/aws/gp3-def-sc.yml

kubectl apply -f gp3-def-sc.yml

If a gp2 StorageClass exists, either make it non-default:

kubectl patch storageclass gp2 -p '{"metadata": {"annotations":{"storageclass.kubernetes.io/is-default-class":"false"}}}'

Or delete it if unused:

kubectl delete storageclass gp2

Verify gp3 is the default:

kubectl get sc

Expected output:

NAME            PROVISIONER       RECLAIMPOLICY   VOLUMEBINDINGMODE      ALLOWVOLUMEEXPANSION   AGE
gp3 (default)   ebs.csi.aws.com   Delete          WaitForFirstConsumer   true                   30s

Deploy TBMQ:

./k8s-deploy-tbmq.sh

After a few minutes, check the pod status:

kubectl get pods

You should see tbmq-0 and tbmq-1 pods, each in the READY state.

You have two options:

• HTTP — no HTTPS support. Suitable for development only.
• HTTPS — SSL termination. Recommended for production. Automatically redirects HTTP to HTTPS.

kubectl apply -f receipts/http-load-balancer.yml

Check provisioning status:

kubectl get ingress

Once ready, output will look like:

NAME                     CLASS    HOSTS   ADDRESS                                                              PORTS   AGE
tbmq-http-loadbalancer   <none>   *       k8s-thingsbo-tbmq-000aba1305-222186756.eu-west-1.elb.amazonaws.com   80      3d1h

Use AWS Certificate Manager to create or import an SSL certificate. Note the certificate ARN.

Replace YOUR_HTTPS_CERTIFICATE_ARN in the config:

nano receipts/https-load-balancer.yml

Deploy:

kubectl apply -f receipts/https-load-balancer.yml

Create a TCP load balancer that forwards traffic on ports 1883 and 8883:

kubectl apply -f receipts/mqtt-load-balancer.yml

The most common MQTTS setup is to configure the AWS NLB as a TLS termination point. Traffic between devices and the load balancer is encrypted; traffic between the load balancer and TBMQ is not. This is acceptable since the NLB runs within your VPC.

Limitation: X.509 certificate client credentials cannot be used with one-way TLS, since the client certificate is not forwarded to TBMQ.

Use AWS Certificate Manager to obtain a certificate. Note the ARN.

Replace YOUR_MQTTS_CERTIFICATE_ARN in the config:

nano receipts/mqtts-load-balancer.yml

Deploy:

kubectl apply -f receipts/mqtts-load-balancer.yml

Two-way TLS allows use of X.509 certificate MQTT client credentials.

Follow this guide to create a .pem certificate file. Save it as server.pem in the working directory.

Create a ConfigMap from your PEM files:

kubectl create configmap tbmq-mqtts-config \
  --from-file=server.pem=YOUR_PEM_FILENAME \
  --from-file=mqttserver_key.pem=YOUR_PEM_KEY_FILENAME \
  -o yaml --dry-run=client | kubectl apply -f -

Where:

• YOUR_PEM_FILENAME — path to your server certificate file
• YOUR_PEM_KEY_FILENAME — path to your server certificate private key file

Uncomment all sections marked with “Uncomment the following lines to enable two-way MQTTS” in tbmq.yml:

kubectl apply -f tbmq.yml

Deploy the transparent load balancer:

kubectl apply -f receipts/mqtt-load-balancer.yml

Open the TBMQ web interface using the DNS name of the HTTP load balancer:

kubectl get ingress

NAME                     CLASS    HOSTS   ADDRESS                                                              PORTS   AGE
tbmq-http-loadbalancer   <none>   *       k8s-thingsbo-tbmq-000aba1305-222186756.eu-west-1.elb.amazonaws.com   80      3d1h

Use the ADDRESS of tbmq-http-loadbalancer to access the UI.

You should see the TBMQ login page. Use the default System Administrator credentials:

Username:

[email protected]

Password:

sysadmin

On first login, you are prompted to change the default password and re-login with the new credentials.

The service tbmq-mqtt-loadbalancer is the LoadBalancer used for MQTT communication. Retrieve its EXTERNAL-IP with:

kubectl get services

NAME                     TYPE           CLUSTER-IP       EXTERNAL-IP                                                                 PORT(S)                         AGE
tbmq-mqtt-loadbalancer   LoadBalancer   10.100.119.170   k8s-thingsbo-tbmq-b9f99d1ab6-1049a98ba4e28403.elb.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com   1883:30308/TCP,8883:31609/TCP   6m58s

Use the EXTERNAL-IP field to connect to the cluster via MQTT.

View TBMQ pod logs:

kubectl logs -f tbmq-0

Check the state of all StatefulSets:

kubectl get statefulsets

See the kubectl Cheat Sheet for more details.

1. Check the version-specific notes below for any preparation your target version requires.
2. Back up your database (optional but recommended).
3. Run the upgrade commands.

For full version history and supported upgrade paths, see the upgrade instructions page. If the documentation does not cover your specific upgrade path, contact us for guidance.

If there are no version-specific notes for your upgrade path, skip directly to Run upgrade.

Backing up your PostgreSQL database before upgrading is highly recommended but optional. For guidance, follow the AWS RDS backup and restore instructions.

This release migrates all third-party components from Bitnami images to official open-source alternatives. Review the third-party component updates for full details.

Then proceed with the upgrade.

Pull the latest changes from the release branch:

git pull origin release-2.3.0

Note: Make sure any custom changes are not lost during the merge.

After pulling, run the upgrade script:

./k8s-upgrade-tbmq.sh

Delete TBMQ nodes:

./k8s-delete-tbmq.sh

Delete all TBMQ nodes and ConfigMaps:

./k8s-delete-all.sh

Delete the EKS cluster (update the cluster name and region if different):

eksctl delete cluster -r us-east-1 -n tbmq -w